Process of forging.



J. F. RICE.

PROCESS OF FORGING.

APPLIOATION IILED AUG.28, 191s.

Patented June 30,191

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES J. F. RICE.

PROCESS OF FORGING.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 28, 1913. v 1, 1 0 1,81 Patented June 30, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTOR COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, n. c

1 w mmw UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH F. RICE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T CHAMPION MACHINE &FORGING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

PROCESS OF FORGING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 30, 1914.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOSEPH F. R1011, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cleveland, in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio,have'invented a certain new and useful Process of Forging, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to a process of forging articles in such mannerthat the draft to is eliminated. Many articles capable of being forgedrequire draft in order to free the dies. In same cases this draft isunobjectionable, but in other cases the draft is so objectionable thatthe article must be either squared up by machining or a cast articlesubstituted. My invention is designed for use in those cases in whichthe draft must be eliminated, and when by reason of the expense or someother cause it is impracticable to machine the article.

Briefly stated the process consists in forging the article in the usualway with the draft necessary to free the dies, and then removing thearticle to another set of dies working at right angles to the directionof movement of the first dies and removing the draft by a pressing orforging operation. The application of the apparatus to the manufactureof one particular type of article is illustrated I in the accompanyingdrawings diagrammatically.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a blank to be forged, Fig. 2 is asection through one of the dies employed, the article being forged beingshown in dotted lines therein,

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through both dies when in open positionFig. 4 is a section through the dies of Fig. 3, on the line IVIV, Fig. 5is a perspective view of the article as it is forged in the dies of,

in a pair of gripping dies preliminary to the second forging operation,Fig. 9 is a section on the line IXIX of Fig. 8, Fig. 10 is a similarsection after the second forging operation has been completed, Fig. 11

is a perspective view of the article after it has been forged in thedies of Figs. 8 and 9, and Figs. 12 and 13 are sections on the linesXII-XII and XIIIXIII respectively of Fig. 11.

The process as illustrated and herein to be described is directed to theformation of the carriage supporting bracket shown in Figs. 11, 12, and13, such article being substantially without draft, but it will beunderstood that the process is broadly applicable to the formation of agreat variety of forged articles. The process may obviously be practisedwith a wide variety of opera ting means for the dies, and with manydifferent types of dies, and for this reason a showing of the operatingmeans for the dles is omittedand the dies themselves are somewhatdiagrammatically shown.

At the starting point in the operation a blank similar to that shown inFig. 1 may be employed, such blank being formed upon an upsettingmachine which employs a rectangular stock 1 and upsets the cylindricalhead 2 thereon, the operation being similar to that employed in a .boltmaking machine. The blank thus roughly formed is then placed between thedies 3 and 4 as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, such dies being arranged fora movement of approach. Either one or both of the diesmay be movable inorder to secure this movement, but the die 1 is preferably fixed.

Upon the descent of the die 3 the blank shown in Fig. 1 is forged intothe form illustrated in Fig. 5. The article as thus formed is providedwith a shank 5 and disk portions 6 and 7, the material between the diskportions 6 and 7 being forced out by carried by the die 3 (Fig. 4). Byreference to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the die faces 9 and10 of theportion 8 are inclined to provide draft, as are also the surfaces 11 and12 of the lower die 4. As a result the die 3 can be easily retractedafter the forg' ing operation, and the article easily removed from thelower die 4:. As a result of the provision of the inclination upon thedie members the side surfaces of the disks 6 and 7 are inclined asindicated at 18 and 14 (Fig. 6). Similarly in order that the shank 5 ofthe article may be freedfronrthe dies 3 and 1, the surfaces "15 and 16(Fig. 3) are inclined up to the line of parting of the dies, and as aresult the shank 5 is provided with the inclined surfaces (Fig. 7).

The formation of the article as above de- 17 and 18 the downwardlyprojecting die portion 8 scribed with draft in order to free it from thedies is typical of forging operations, and

it is the purpose of the second step of my process to straighten up theinclined surfaces 13, 1st, 17, and 18, thus eliminating the draft andavoiding the machine work which would be necessary if the article wereto be used for a purpose wherein the inclined surfaces due to the draftare objectionable.

In carrying out my process upon the particular article shown in Fig. 5 Ipreferably employ three dies, two of which have a relative movement ofapproach vertically and grip the article preliminary to the forgingoperation, and the third die arranged to approach laterally and atsubstantially right angles to the surfaces which are to be straightened,or in other words from which the draft is to be removed. This lastoperation not only removes the draft but also forges the article tofinished form in case any further forging is necessary.

Referring to Fig. 8,19 and 20 are a pair of gripping dies having avertical movement of approach and between which the article of Fig. 5 isplaced and gripped when the dies 19 and 20 are moved toward each other.After the dies 19 and20 have gripped the article a third die 21 movablepreferably in a horizontal plane (Fig. 9) at right angles to the line ofmovement of the dies 19, and 20 engages the side faces of the articleand straightens up the side surfaces of 'the disks 6 and 7 and of theshank 5 as indicated in Fig. 10. In order to form theinner surfaces ofthe disks 6 and 7 a forming mandrel 22 is employed, such mandrel beingpositioned be tween the disks 6 and 7 before it is inserted between thegripping dies 19 and 20.

Figs. 11, 12, and 13 illustrate the bracket in its complete form afterthe second forging operation as above described. By reference to thesefigures it will beseen that the second operation has straightened up theside surfaces 13 and 14 of the disks 6 and 7, and that the side surfacesof the shank 5 (Fig. -13)'have been flattened thus remov ing theinclination of the sides and widening the shank. Also that the shank 5has been forged to a position ofl center and indentation 23 formed forthe guidance of the machinist in drilling the bolt holes. It will beunderstood that after the forging operation the mandrel 22 is knockedfrom its position between the disks 6 and 7. istic of my invention thatthe article is forged with the draft necessary to permit the readyfreeing of thedies, and subse- It is character quently such draft isremoved by forging the article in dies having a movement of approach atright angles to the line of movement of approach of the first dies. Theemployment of the pair of gripping dies 19 and 20 in the secondoperation is desirable in that it provides a means for readily freeingthe article after the forging operation, since the article when forgedinto the dies 19 and 20 has no draft, and would be more or lessdiflicult of removal if a single die were employed. If desired, the endsof the mandrel 22 may be ve'ryslightly inclined to permit the morereadyfreeing of the article therefrom'after the forging operation.

1. A process offorging which consists in first causing a pair of diesone of which is formed with draft,to approach and forge an article witha surface having draft, and then removing the article. to a second pairof dies having a movement ofapproach at substantially right angles tothe said surface and forging or pressing the article to elimi nate thedraft. v

2. A process of forging which consists in first causing a' pair of diesone of'which is formed with draft to approachand forge an article'withsurfaces having draft, then removing the article to a pair of separablegripping dies having a movement of approach with respect to the articlethe same as that of the first pair of dies, and removing the draft bycausing a movement of approach between said separable gripping dies anda third die, sald movement of approach being at rightangles to therelative direction of movement of the gripping dies.

3. A process of forging which consists in first causing a pair ofdies toapproac h and forge an article having a'recess with the opposing innerfaces thereof inclined to provide draft and permit the removal of thedie, then placing a forming block in the said recess, and forgingthe'article in a second pair of dies to press the said inner faces ofthe re'cess'against the two ends of theforming block to remove theinclination of the said faces, the said dies moving transversely of theline of movement of the first dies.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo slibscribed witnesses.

Josiirn r. men Witnesses:

'F. F. PEPPER,

F. W. GRENE.

Gonies 'ofthis patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, 2

Washington, D. 0.

